Search results for "high dose"

Comparison of time and dose dependent gene expression and affected pathways in primary human fibroblasts after exposure to ionizing radiation

2020

Abstract Background Exposure to ionizing radiation induces complex stress responses in cells, which can lead to adverse health effects such as cancer. Although a variety of studies investigated gene expression and affected pathways in human fibroblasts after exposure to ionizing radiation, the understanding of underlying mechanisms and biological effects is still incomplete due to different experimental settings and small sample sizes. Therefore, this study aims to identify the time point with the highest number of differentially expressed genes and corresponding pathways in primary human fibroblasts after irradiation at two preselected time points. Methods Fibroblasts from skin biopsies of…

A free radical theory of frailty.

2018

The free radical theory of ageing provided an intellectual framework for many laboratories working on ageing. However, experimental and clinical evidence showing that high doses of antioxidants do not have an effect on ageing or on age-associated diseases, cast doubts on the validity of this theory. Data from our own laboratory show that oxidative damage does not correlate with age, especially in the geriatric population, but rather with the frailty state. This has led us to postulate the free radical theory of frailty that proposes that oxidative damage is associated with frailty, but not with chronological age itself. Superoxide dismutase deficient mice are more frail than controls. But m…

European Guidelines (S1) on the use of high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatology

2016

Background The treatment of severe dermatological autoimmune diseases and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a well-established procedure in dermatology. As treatment with IVIg is usually considered for rare clinical entities or severe clinical cases, the use of immunoglobulin is not generally based on data from randomized controlled trials that are usually required for the practice of evidence-based medicine. Owing to the rarity of the indications for the use of IVIg, it is also unlikely that such studies will be available in the foreseeable future. Because the high costs of IVIg treatment also limit its first-line use, the first clinical g…

A prospective randomized trial of high and standard dosages of recombinant factor VIIa for treatment of hemarthroses in hemophiliacs with inhibitors.

2006

Summary. Aim: A multicenter randomized open-label crossover prospective trial was designed to compare the efficacy, safety, and cost of standard and high dosages of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) for home treatment of hemarthroses in hemophiliacs with inhibitors. Methods: Patients were instructed to treat, within 6 h from the onset of bleeding, four consecutive hemarthroses of ankles, knees, or elbows, either with the rFVIIa standard dose of 90 μg kg−1 (repeated as necessary every 3 h) or with a single high dose of 270 μg kg−1. Patients who did not achieve a clinical success within 9 h continued rFVIIa treatment with repeated standard doses. Response to treatment was assessed for up to 48…

Oral high-dose sucrosomial iron vs intravenous iron in sideropenic anemia patients intolerant/refractory to iron sulfate: a multicentric randomized s…

2020

AbstractIron deficiency anemia is among the most frequent causes of disability. Intravenous iron is the quickest way to correct iron deficiency, bypassing the bottleneck of iron intestinal absorption, the only true mechanism of iron balance regulation in human body. Intravenous iron administration is suggested in patients who are refractory/intolerant to oral iron sulfate. However, the intravenous way of iron administration requires several precautions; as the in-hospital administration requires a resuscitation service, as imposed in Europe by the European Medicine Agency, it is very expensive and negatively affects patient’s perceived quality of life. A new oral iron formulation, Sucrosomi…

Effects of high doses of toluene on color vision.

1999

High exposure to toluene may cause optic neuropathy and retinopathy, both associated with dyschromatopsia. Another solvent, ethanol, is known to induce acute blue-yellow dyschromatopsia. This study investigated the acute effects of high doses of toluene on color vision. Eight male printshop workers were examined before and after cleaning printing containers with pure toluene. After cleaning, concentrations of toluene in blood were between 3.61 and 7.37 mg/l. Color vision was tested with the Farnsworth panel D-15 test, the Lanthony desaturated panel D-15 test, and the Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates part 2. For control of possible acute effects, eight workers of a metal-working factory wi…

Could alanine/EPR dosimetry be useful for ultra-high dose rate beams used for FLASH radiotherapy?

In the last years a large interest has aroused towards radiation therapy treatments with dose rates much larger with respect to the conventional ones since experiments support the evidence of a considerable normal tissue sparing effect. Indeed, in-vivo experiments showed an increasing of the therapeutic window for dose rates over 50 Gy/s [2]. If confirmed, the ‘FLASH effect’ has the potential to re-shape the future of radiation treatments, with a significant impact on many oncology patients. Significant dosimetric challenges should be dealt with for Ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) beams for FLASH radiotherapy [4]. In particular, ionization chambers are affected by ion recombination effects, alt…

Dosimetric characterization of an ultra-high dose rate beam for FLASH radiotherapy through alanine EPR dosimetry

2022

Experimental evidence is growing, supporting the evidence of a considerable normal tissue sparing effect when treatments are delivered with dose rates much larger with respect to the conventional ones [1]. In particular, an increasing of the therapeutic window has been demonstrated for dose rates over 50 Gy/s, over a large variety of in-vivo experiments [2]. If confirmed, the ‘FLASH effect’ has the potential to re-shape the future of radiation treatments, with a significant impact on many oncology patients [3]. Ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) beams for FLASH radiotherapy present significant dosimetric challenges [4]. Ionization chambers are affected by ion recombination effects, although novel …

Qip-Mass Spectrometry in High Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Patients Included in the GEM-CESAR Trial: Comparison with Conventional and Minimal Res…

2019

Introduction: The GEM-CESAR trial is a potentially curative strategy for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (HRsMM) patients in which the primary endpoint is the assessment of bone marrow minimal residual disease negativity by next generation flow (NGF). However, alternative methods of tumor burden evaluation in serum, like Quantitative Immunoprecipitation Mass Spectrometry (QIP-MS), a polyclonal antibody-based technology to identify intact immunoglobulins, have been also evaluated. Patients and Methods: Ninety HRsMM patients included in the GEM-CESAR trial received six 4-weeks cycles of carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone followed by high dose melphalan and ASCT and 2 further cy…

Microesferas de ácido poliláctico marcadas con 166Ho. Una alternativa frente a las de 90Y en el tratamiento del carcinoma hepático mediante radioembo…

2021

Los tumores hepáticos constituyen un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial que en multitud de ocasiones va asociado a patologías previas y factores de riesgo como las hepatitis víricas B y C, el consumo excesivo de alcohol y el aumento de casos de esteatohepatitis no alcohólica, cada vez más relevante en los países industrializados.En hepatocarcinomas no susceptibles de resección quirúrgica, la braquiterapia se está mostrando muy eficaz frente a la quimioterapia sistémica y transarterial, por lo que se desarrollan nuevos tratamientos locorregionales mínimamente invasivos y con menor toxicidad.La radioembolización hepática es una forma de braquiterapia consistente en la administración…